The Ahmadiyya Muslim Community has long faced systemic persecution and violence, particularly in Pakistan. Despite Pakistan being a signatory to international human rights instruments, the state has codified religious discrimination against Ahmadis into its constitution and legal frameworks, most notably through the Second Amendment of 1974, which declared Ahmadis as non-Muslims, and Ordinance XX of 1984, which criminalised their religious practices. As a result, Ahmadis in Pakistan live under constant threat of violence, imprisonment, and societal exclusion. The United Nations (UN), through its eligibility guidelines and various human rights bodies, has repeatedly affirmed that Ahmadis fleeing persecution in Pakistan qualify as refugees under international law.